Scientists have uncovered a potential new threat from toxic chemicals lurking in our everyday environment that could be silently damaging your liver. Researchers sound the alarm about per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, or PFAS, linking these “forever chemicals” to a troubling rise in liver problems.
PFAS are ubiquitous yet invisible – found in products as varied as rain-repellent sprays, non-stick cookware, and stain-resistant fabrics.
But a new study shows firefighters exposed to PFAS-laden foam face an elevated risk of liver damage. This finding suggests we all may have more of these chemicals inside us than we realize, with potentially grave consequences. Keep reading to learn more.
The Controversy Surrounding Aqueous Film Forming Foam
Firefighters have long relied on a substance called aqueous film-forming foam to extinguish hazardous liquid fires. This foam forms a protective barrier between the flames and surrounding air by blending water, foam concentrate, and surfactants into a heat-resistant covering.
Developed in the 1960s, this foam was first used successfully on navy carriers to stop fuel fires from spreading. Its ability to rapidly suppress fires made it a valued tool for high-risk environments like airports and oil refineries.
However, concerns have grown regarding some chemical components of aqueous film-forming foam, especially PFAS chemicals. PFAS are linked to environmental persistence and potential health issues. Due to these concerns, the perception of this foam’s risks and impacts has evolved over time.
There are thousands of PFAS compounds in the world, all of which are manufactured and frequently found in consumer goods.
According to the Regulatory Council of Interstate Technology, these compounds are widely used in consumer products because they offer “oil, water, stain, and soil repellency,” as well as “thermal stability and friction reduction.” This includes many moisture-wicking fabrics used in athletic wear, waterproof mascara, electronics, aviation, and even carpets.
Dr. David Nadler, a research assistant professor at the New York Institute of Technology, explained that PFAS is regarded as one of those remarkable chemicals capable of a wide range of functions. He stated that these chemicals can ensure that food doesn’t stick to pans and enable the creation of clothing that repels water, among other uses.
Dr. Nadler pointed out that historical data indicates that such versatile chemicals tend to be the most hazardous.
While AFFF has proven highly effective in firefighting applications, the environmental persistence and health concerns surrounding its PFAS components have generated increasing controversy over its use.
How Firefighter Exposure to Toxic Chemicals Affects Liver Functioning
Firefighters face risks from the chemicals they encounter on the job. As we discussed earlier, two groups – per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) – have been linked to possible health problems.
Previous research suggests these chemicals may affect cardiometabolic health indicators like liver function and serum lipid levels. However, few studies have directly examined the effects on firefighters, who face regular exposure through their work.
This study examined 164 Czech men, including 52 firefighters and 58 trainees. They provided blood and urine samples over 11 weeks to measure levels of 6 PFAS and 6 PAH chemicals. The samples were tested for liver function and cholesterol.
Using statistics, the researchers found a connection between higher mixtures of PFAS/PAHs and increased bilirubin, a sign of liver problems. In firefighters specifically, the mixtures were also linked to higher cholesterol levels.
The results suggest regular exposure to these chemicals through firefighting duties may negatively impact firefighter health over time. Their work exposes them to higher PFAS/PAH levels that could contribute to undesirable changes in how the body processes fats and the functioning of the liver.
So in summary, this study provides evidence that toxic chemicals firefighters face on the job may pose risks to their long-term heart and liver wellness. More research is still needed but these findings raise concerns.
AFFF Litigation: Seeking Compensation for PFAS-Related Injuries
As research has unveiled the dangers of PFAS exposure, many firefighters, military members, and civilians impacted by contamination have developed medical problems. In response, they have taken legal action against the manufacturers of AFFF.
According to TorHoerman Law, major companies named in litigation include 3M, DuPont, Chemours, Tyco, and Chemguard.
Through the AFFF lawsuit, plaintiffs aim to hold these companies responsible. They allege the manufacturers were long aware of PFAS toxicity risks but failed to provide adequate warnings on their products.
Injured individuals and their surviving family members are seeking compensation for medical costs, lost wages, and pain and suffering related to illnesses caused by PFAS exposure through occupational or environmental contact with AFFF.
Positive Change Through PFAS Reduction
Emerging research on the health risks of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) used in firefighting foam has spurred reforms across the Department of Defense. This includes a coordinated transition away from aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) containing PFAS towards safer alternatives.
The Air Force leads this effort, investing $8.55 million to replace AFFF stocks in emergency vehicles with fluorine-free foam (F3). Installations like Tyndall AFB have successfully conducted “foam swaps” to complete the switchover. This protects firefighters from prolonged PFAS exposure linked to illnesses.
The 2020 National Defense Authorization Act mandates phasing out AFFF by 2024 in response to growing concerns. Air Force experts expect all active bases to meet this deadline on schedule. Proper disposal of old AFFF and stocking backup supplies of F3 further reduces future contamination risks.
Coordinating emergency responders, engineers, logistics teams, and the Defense Logistics Agency ensure a smooth transition process. Firefighters support protecting their families’ health in the long term. Training also incorporates the new foam to maintain fuel fire response capabilities.
The Air Force prioritizes those it serves by replacing a persistent, bioaccumulative chemical with one safer for human and environmental health. This proactive solution stems directly from the heightened awareness of PFAS dangers. The ongoing refinement of foam tactics and partnerships with groups like Tyndall’s Silver Flag training site sustain this positive change through PFAS reduction.
FAQs
1. Which diseases are associated with PFAS exposure?
A: Certain health issues in humans, such as decreased immunological response to vaccinations, elevated cholesterol, and low birth weights, have been connected to certain PFAS. Furthermore, elevated blood pressure during pregnancy, liver function abnormalities, and cancers of the kidneys and testicles have also been reported. If you are concerned about PFAS exposures, consult your healthcare provider.
2. Can PFAS be removed from the body?
A: Currently, there are no definitive medical procedures that can eliminate PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) from the body, according to the Secretary of the United States Navy. However, the best course of action is to eliminate the source of exposure from your environment.
3. What chemicals are known to cause liver problems?
A: Certain chemicals are associated with liver damage, including carbon tetrachloride, a dry cleaning solvent, vinyl chloride (used in plastics manufacturing), and the herbicide paraquat. Another group of industrial chemicals known as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) is also linked to liver damage.
While PFAS chemicals have benefited society in many ways, we must recognize their merits and impacts. As our understanding of health and the environment evolves, so must our practices. Rather than hostility, an open and thoughtful discussion is needed between all stakeholders to develop alternatives that balance performance, safety, and sustainability.
With care, understanding, and innovation, we can work to minimize risks today without limiting the potential of tomorrow. Our shared well-being depends on finding responsible solutions together.
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